Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Introduction

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Background:

Disputed between France and Great Britain in the 18th century, Saint Vincent was ceded to the latter in 1783. Autonomy was granted in 1969, and independence in 1979.

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Geography

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Location:

Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, north of Trinidad and Tobago

Geographic coordinates:

13 15 N, 61 12 W

Map references:

Central America and the Caribbean

Area:

total:  389 sq km (Saint Vincent 344 sq km) land:  389 sq km water:  0 sq km

Area - comparative:

twice the size of Washington, DC

Land boundaries:

0 km

Coastline:

84 km

Maritime claims:

contiguous zone:  24 NM continental shelf:  200 NM exclusive economic zone:  200 NM territorial sea:  12 NM

Climate:

tropical; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)

Terrain:

volcanic, mountainous

Elevation extremes:

lowest point:  Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point:  Soufriere 1,234 m

Natural resources:

hydropower, cropland

Land use:

arable land:  10% permanent crops:  18% permanent pastures:  5% forests and woodland:  36% other:  31% (1993 est.)

Irrigated land:

10 sq km (1993 est.)

Natural hazards:

hurricanes; Soufriere volcano on the island of Saint Vincent is a constant threat

Environment - current issues:

pollution of coastal waters and shorelines from discharges by pleasure yachts and other effluents; in some areas, pollution is severe enough to make swimming prohibitive

Environment - international agreements:

party to:  Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling signed, but not ratified:  Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol

Geography - note:

the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

People

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Population:

115,942 (July 2001 est.)

Age structure:

0-14 years:  29.61% (male 17,466; female 16,865) 15-64 years:  64.04% (male 38,074; female 36,179) 65 years and over:  6.35% (male 3,162; female 4,196) (2001 est.)

Population growth rate:

0.4% (2001 est.)

Birth rate:

17.91 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)

Death rate:

6.16 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)

Net migration rate:

-7.72 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)

Sex ratio:

at birth:  1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years:  1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years:  1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over:  0.75 male(s)/female total population:  1.03 male(s)/female (2001 est.)

Infant mortality rate:

16.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:

total population:  72.56 years male:  70.83 years female:  74.34 years (2001 est.)

Total fertility rate:

2.06 children born/woman (2001 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

NA%

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

NA

HIV/AIDS - deaths:

NA

Nationality:

noun:  Saint Vincentian(s) or Vincentian(s) adjective:  Saint Vincentian or Vincentian

Ethnic groups:

black 66%, mixed 19%, East Indian 6%, Carib Amerindian 2%

Religions:

Anglican 47%, Methodist 28%, Roman Catholic 13%, Seventh-Day Adventist, Hindu, other Protestant

Languages:

English, French patois

Literacy:

definition:  age 15 and over has ever attended school total population:  96% male:  96% female:  96% (1970 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Government

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Country name:

conventional long form:  none conventional short form:  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Government type:

parliamentary democracy; independent sovereign state within the Commonwealth

Capital:

Kingstown

Administrative divisions:

6 parishes; Charlotte, Grenadines, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint Patrick

Independence:

27 October 1979 (from UK)

National holiday:

Independence Day, 27 October (1979)

Constitution:

27 October 1979

Legal system:

based on English common law

Suffrage:

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch:

chief of state:  Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General David JACK (since 29 September 1989) head of government:  Prime Minister Ralph GONSALVES (since 29 March 2001) cabinet:  Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister elections:  none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister

Legislative branch:

unicameral House of Assembly (21 seats, 15 elected representatives and 6 appointed senators; representatives are elected by popular vote from single-member constituencies to serve five-year terms) elections:  last held 28 March 2001 (next to be held by NA March 2006) election results:  percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - ULP 12, NDP 3

Judicial branch:

Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)

Political parties and leaders:

National Reform Party or NRP [Joel MIGUEL]; New Democratic Party or NDP [Arnhim EUSTACE]; People's Progressive Movement or PPM [Ken BOYEA]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [leader NA]; United People's Movement or UPM [Adrian SAUNDERS]; Unity Labor Party or ULP [Ralph GONSALVES] (formed by the coalition of Saint Vincent Labor Party or SVLP and the Movement for National Unity or MNU)

Political pressure groups and leaders:

NA

International organization participation:

ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WTrO

Diplomatic representation in the US:

chief of mission:  Ambassador Ellsworth JOHN chancery:  3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone:  [1] (202) 364-6730 FAX:  [1] (202) 364-6736

Diplomatic representation from the US:

the US does not have an embassy in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; the US Ambassador in Barbados is accredited to Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Flag description:

three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold (double width), and green; the gold band bears three green diamonds arranged in a V pattern

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Economy

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Economy - overview:

Agriculture, dominated by banana production, is the most important sector of this lower-middle-income economy. The services sector, based mostly on a growing tourist industry, is also important. The government has been relatively unsuccessful at introducing new industries, and a high unemployment rate persists. The continuing dependence on a single crop represents the biggest obstacle to the islands' development; tropical storms wiped out substantial portions of crops in both 1994 and 1995. The tourism sector has considerable potential for development over the next decade. Recent growth has been stimulated by strong activity in the construction sector and an improvement in tourism. There is a small manufacturing sector and a small offshore financial sector whose particularly restrictive secrecy laws have caused some international concern.

GDP:	purchasing power parity - $322 million (2000 est.)

GDP - real growth rate:

2% (2000 est.)

GDP - per capita:

purchasing power parity - $2,800 (2000 est.)

GDP - composition by sector:

agriculture:  10.6% industry:  17.5% services:  71.9% (1996 est.)

Population below poverty line:

NA%

Household income or consumption by percentage share:

lowest 10%:  NA% highest 10%:  NA%

Inflation rate (consumer prices):

2% (1999 est.)

Labor force:

67,000 (1984 est.)

Labor force - by occupation:

agriculture 26%, industry 17%, services 57% (1980 est.)

Unemployment rate:

22% (1997 est.)

Budget:

revenues:  $85.7 million expenditures:  $98.6 million, including capital expenditures of $25.7 million (1997 est.)

Industries:

food processing, cement, furniture, clothing, starch

Industrial production growth rate:

-0.9% (1997 est.)

Electricity - production:

82 million kWh (1999)

Electricity - production by source:

fossil fuel:  73.17% hydro:  26.83% nuclear:  0% other:  0% (1999)

Electricity - consumption:

76.3 million kWh (1999)

Electricity - exports:

0 kWh (1999)

Electricity - imports:

0 kWh (1999)

Agriculture - products:

bananas, coconuts, sweet potatoes, spices; small numbers of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats; fish

Exports:

$53.7 million (2000 est.)

Exports - commodities:

bananas 39%, eddoes and dasheen (taro), arrowroot starch, tennis racquets

Exports - partners:

Caricom countries 49%, UK 16%, US 10% (1995)

Imports:

$185.6 million (2000 est.)

Imports - commodities:

foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, chemicals and fertilizers, minerals and fuels

Imports - partners:

US 36%, Caricom countries 28%, UK 13% (1995)

Debt - external:

$99.3 million (1998)

Economic aid - recipient:

$47.5 million (1995); note - EU $34.5 million (1998)

Currency:

East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Currency code:

XCD

Exchange rates:

East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976)

Fiscal year:

calendar year

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Communications

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Telephones - main lines in use:

20,500 (1998)

Telephones - mobile cellular:

NA

Telephone system:

general assessment:  adequate system domestic:  islandwide, fully automatic telephone system; VHF/UHF radiotelephone from Saint Vincent to the other islands of the Grenadines international:  VHF/UHF radiotelephone from Saint Vincent to Barbados; new SHF radiotelephone to Grenada and to Saint Lucia; access to Intelsat earth station in Martinique through Saint Lucia

Radio broadcast stations:

AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Radios:

77,000 (1997)

Television broadcast stations:

1 (plus three repeaters) (1997)

Televisions:

18,000 (1997)

Internet country code:

.vc

Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

15 (2000)

Internet users:

2,000 (2000)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Transportation

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Railways:

0 km

Highways:

total:  1,040 km paved:  320 km unpaved:  720 km (1996)

Waterways:

none

Ports and harbors:

Kingstown

Merchant marine:

total:  800 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,705,336 GRT/10,134,002 DWT ships by type:  barge carrier 1, bulk 131, cargo 395, chemical tanker 29, combination bulk 12, combination ore/oil 1, container 46, liquefied gas 7, livestock carrier 3, multi-functional large-load carrier 4, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 56, refrigerated cargo 42, roll on/roll off 49, short-sea passenger 11, specialized tanker 10, vehicle carrier 1 note:  includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: China 4, Ireland 1, France 1, Greece 3, Hong Kong 1, Croatia 10, India 1, Japan 2, Monaco 1, Netherlands 1, Norway 2, Netherlands Antilles 1, Pakistan 1, Russia 1, Slovenia 5, UAE 1 (2000 est.)

Airports:

6 (2000 est.)

Airports - with paved runways:

total:  5 914 to 1,523 m:  3 under 914 m:  2 (2000 est.)

Airports - with unpaved runways:

total:  1 under 914 m:  1 (2000 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Military

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Military branches:

Royal Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Police Force (includes Special Service Unit), Coast Guard

Military expenditures - dollar figure:

$NA

Military expenditures - percent of GDP:

NA%

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Transnational Issues

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Disputes - international:

none

Illicit drugs:

transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe